Issue 13: Impact of out of M a Rket Sources of Reserve on the Market
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چکیده
Description The IMO may use ‘out-of-market’ sources of reserve in response to an operating reserve shortfall in the real-time constrained sequence.1 Operating reserve shortfalls occur when either the total amount of available MW offered in the market for a class of operating reserve is less than the IMO’s requirement for that class of reserve, or when the total amount of available MW offered for energy and operating reserve is insufficient to simultaneously satisfy both the energy demand and the full operating reserve requirement.
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